~ Basic Turkish ~
Important Info
Info For Beginners
Alphabet/
Pronounciation
Basic Information
~ Grammar ~
Essentials
Vowel Harmony 1
Vowel Harmony 2
Consonant Changes
Suffixes
Plurals
Personal Pronouns
~ Grammar ~
Tenses
'To Be' - Positive
'To Be' - Negative
Present Continuous
Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Simple Present - Positive
Simple Present - Negative
Simple Past Tense
Future Tense
~ Grammar ~
Other
Possession
Express Need
'There is/There isn't..'
'I can/I can't...'
'Let...'
'If...'
'Apparently...'
Telling The Time
~    Useful    ~
Information
Useful Words
Useful Verbs
Useful Phrases
Numbers
Days, Weeks and Months
Turkish Slang
~ Other ~
Learning Tips
Worksheets
About Me
Links
learn-turkish@hotmail.com

Consonant Changes

When a suffix starting with a vowel is added to a root word that ends in some certain letters, the last letter of the root word must change into a different letter to keep the pronounciation smooth.

These letters are:












Examples

For these examples we will use the '-(i)m' (my....) suffix.

The '-(i/ı/u/ü)' is only used if the last letter is a consonant, otherwise just 'm' is added.

bed - yatak
my bed - yatağım

cupboard - dolap
my cupboard - dolabım

plug - tıkaç
my plug - tıkaçım

dog - köpek
my dog - köpeğim

wolf - kurt
my wolf - kurdum



In some cases, the last letter of a root word can change the first letter of an added suffix. The letters which can change this are;

k/p/ç/f/t/h/b/s/ş

When a suffix beginning with 'd' is added to one of these above letters, the first letter of the suffix changes from 'd' to 't'. This occurs in suffixes such as '-den/-dan' (from) and '-de/-da' (in/at/on).

If you have trouble remembering these consonants, try and remember this phrase -

Charlie Found He Kould Put Strong Sheds Together

(Many thanks to Neil Avery for this!)


Examples
Bed - Yatak
From the bed - Yataktan

Dog - Köpek
On the dog - Köpekte

Last letter in root word Changes to
(vowel then-) k ğ
p b
ç c
(consonant then-) k g
t d