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| ~ Basic Turkish ~ Important Info |
| Info For Beginners |
| Alphabet/ Pronounciation |
| Basic Information |
| ~ Grammar ~ Essentials |
| Vowel Harmony 1 |
| Vowel Harmony 2 |
| Consonant Changes |
| Suffixes |
| Plurals |
| Personal Pronouns |
| ~ Grammar ~ Tenses |
| 'To Be' - Positive |
| 'To Be' - Negative |
| Present Continuous Tense |
| Past Continuous Tense |
| Simple Present - Positive |
| Simple Present - Negative |
| Simple Past Tense |
| Future Tense |
| ~ Grammar ~ Other |
| Possession |
| Express Need |
| 'There is/There isn't..' |
| 'I can/I can't...' |
| 'Let...' |
| 'If...' |
| 'Apparently...' |
| Telling The Time |
| ~ Useful ~ Information |
| Useful Words |
| Useful Verbs |
| Useful Phrases |
| Numbers |
| Days, Weeks and Months |
| Turkish Slang |
| ~ Other ~ |
| Learning Tips |
| Worksheets |
| About Me |
| Links |
'If...'
A suffix is added on to a verb to express the English word 'If'. The suffix is;
'-se/sa'
(see vowel harmony to know which to use)
The word 'eser' is sometimes used at the start of a conditional sentence and simply means 'if', but this doesn't have to be used as the suffix will show it is a conditional sentence.
The formula to make this tense is;
verb + -se/sa + personal ending
It takes the same personal endings as the past tense which are;
examples
verb + -se/sa + personal ending
gel + se + m = if i come
oku + sa + n = if you come
bil + se = if he knows
git + se + k = if we go
anla + sa + nız = if you understand
oku + sa + lar = if they read
This can also be used with the present continuous tense
examples
verb + present continuous + -se/sa + personal
gel + iyor + sa + n = geliyorsan = if you are coming
oku + yor + sa + m = okuyorsam = if i am reading
gel + mi + yor + sa + n = gelmiyorsan = if you are not coming
etc
It can also be used with 'var' and 'yok';
'varsa' = 'if there is....'
'yoksa' = 'if there isn't'
examples
araba varsan = if there is a car
para yoksa = if there is no money
The conditional tense can also be used with the 'to be' tense. It uses the same personal endings but if placed after a vowel, you must change it into 'yse/ysa'.
examples
hastaysam = if i am ill
yorgunsan = if you are tired
mutluysak = if we are happy
iyi değilsen = if you are not alright
etc
Click here to test yourself on this section
| I | ....m |
| You (singular/familiar) | ....n |
| He/She/It | (no personal ending) |
| We | ....k |
| You (plural/polite) | ....niz (or 'nız'/'nüz'/'nuz') |
| They | ....ler (or 'lar') |