The easy way to learn Turkish
'If...'
| Useful Verbs |
| gelmek - to come |
| gitmek - to go |
| yemek - to eat |
| sevmek - to love |
| yapmak - to do |
| olmak - to be |
| kalmak - to stay |
| istemek - to want |
A suffix is added on to a verb to express the English word 'If'. The suffix is;
'-se/sa'
(see vowel harmony to know which to use)
The word 'eğer' is sometimes used at the start of a conditional sentence and simply means 'if', but this doesn't have to be used as the suffix will show it is a conditional sentence.
The formula to make this tense is;
verb + -se/sa + personal ending
It takes the same personal endings as the past tense which are;
examples
verb + -se/sa + personal ending
gel + se + m = if i come
oku + sa + n = if you come
bil + se = if he knows
git + se + k = if we go
anla + sa + nız = if you understand
oku + sa + lar = if they read
This can also be used with the present continuous tense
examples
verb + present continuous + -se/sa + personal
gel + iyor + sa + n = geliyorsan = if you are coming
oku + yor + sa + m = okuyorsam = if i am reading
gel + mi + yor + sa + n = gelmiyorsan = if you are not coming
etc
It can also be used with 'var' and 'yok';
'varsa' = 'if there is....'
'yoksa' = 'if there isn't'
examples
araba varsa = if there is a car
para yoksa = if there is no money
The conditional tense can also be used with the 'to be' tense. It uses the same personal endings but if placed after a vowel, you must change it into 'yse/ysa'.
examples
hastaysam = if i am ill
yorgunsan = if you are tired
mutluysak = if we are happy
iyi değilsen = if you are not alright
etc
Click here to test yourself on this section
| I |
....m |
| You (singular/familiar) |
....n |
| He/She/It |
(no personal ending) |
| We |
....k |
| You (plural/polite) |
....niz (or 'nz'/'nüz'/'nuz') |
| They |
....ler (or 'lar') |
