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You should have already looked at the Vowel Harmony 1 section and you will have seen how the vowels are split into 2 groups, each of which take different suffixes.

However, there are other suffixes that instead of taking either 'e' or 'a', take either 'i, ı, ü, u', such as ...'-(i)yorum' (i am ....ing), '..dim' (i did...), and '-siz' (without). Therefore we need to split the suffixes into more groups in order to add the suffixes with the correct vowels.

For example if the suffix is '-siz' (without) then the 'i' will change into:

If the last vowel is:
'e' or 'i' - stays as 'i' (-siz)
'a' or 'ı' - changes to 'ı' (-sız)
'ü' or 'ö’ - changes to 'ü' (-süz)
'u' or 'o' - changes to 'u' (-suz)

This applies to a number of suffixes, such as the past suffix ('...dim'), the possessive suffix (-im, -sin etc) and the 'without' suffix (-siz), as well as many more. Click on the suffixes page to discover more.

Examples

For now we will just use just two suffixes, the '-siz' suffix, meaning 'without....'. and 'li', meaning 'with...'.

sugar - şeker
without sugar - şekersiz
with sugar - şekerli

milk - süt
without milk - sütsüz
with milk - sütlü

ice - buz
without ice - buzsuz
with ice - buzlu

money -para
without money -parasız
with money - paralı

Click here to test yourself on Vowel Harmony 2